Irrigation of the site: design, assembly and installation of an automatic irrigation system (130 photos)

With the onset of summer, all summer residents are wondering about watering on the plot. For many years, plants were watered with a hose, buckets and watering cans, but now there are more convenient ways to care for the site. Now there are several types of irrigation that will do this energy-intensive work for you, spending less resources and giving you time to relax and relax in the country.

Summary of the article:

In order for the land plot to be equally moistened, different types of garden irrigation are used. The effectiveness of irrigation systems directly depends on the quality of the equipment, the correct design of the irrigation scheme and the correct installation of the system.

Resources of automatic irrigation systemsautonomous regulation of activation and deactivation of the system, water supply force;

step-by-step watering of individual areas of the site;
dependence on weather conditions: sensitivity of rain and snow, frost.

Types of irrigation systems

Plants can be included in the structure of automatic watering if they are planted on a windowsill, on the ground or in a greenhouse.

Sprinklers. Water is sprayed on the soil, simulating rain, often such spraying is used for lawns. Often such spraying is excessively abundant for some plant species.

Drip root irrigation. With this method of watering, water is supplied directly to the root of the plant by drops or small trickles of water.

This method of watering is often used for vegetable or berry crops in the garden and greenhouse, a reduced version of such watering can be applied on the windowsill.

Underground introduction of water. This type of irrigation is very similar to the previous one, the difference is that in this case hoses made of stronger material are used.

Devices and equipment

The main equipment used in irrigation structures is the same:

pump;
filter;
resevoir for water temperature control;
reducer;
main pipeline;
precinct pipeline.

The undoubted difference is how water is supplied: in the form of drizzling rain or directly to the root of the plant.

How to do watering in the country yourself

Regular watering ensures that the crop is saturated with moisture, regardless of whether you follow this system or not, in rainy weather, the equipment adapts and stops automatic watering. Therefore, having arrived to relax at the dacha, at any time you will receive blooming and healthy plants on your dacha plot.

You can control the watering of plants through your smartphone, determining the spraying of water at different times, up to a year. This system is capable of comparative savings of electricity and water, which ensures that not only your own forces are saved.

Together with watering, you can fertilize plants, which means that it will greatly facilitate your work and your loved ones. For the proper operation of this structure, it is only necessary to occasionally check its serviceability, prepare it accordingly for winter.

Stages of design and installation of irrigationProduction of a thorough irrigation scheme

This is a fundamental element of your future project of automatic irrigation design, you can buy this service from specialists or make it yourself. It is necessary to depict your suburban plot on a scale of 1:100, fixing the exact location of the house, various household objects, swings, gazebos, fences, trees, garden crops, flower beds and other plants and crops located in your garden.

Since each plant requires a certain moisture consumption, its excess can provoke the death of a vegetable or fruit.

Try to put water in the middle of the site, thus, due to the approximately equal length of water channels, the approximate pressure of water in the system is comparable throughout its entire length.

After you have drawn up a detailed scheme of your site, you should choose the type of water supply for its individual parts. It is preferable to use sprinkling for lawns and grain crops, drip irrigation is a priority for bushes and berries.

Determination of the amount of water passed by the irrigation system

Now you need to find out what is the maximum number of simultaneously functioning sprinklers on your site. This determines the action of irrigation channels in the system: will they be able to function simultaneously or will they need to be run alternately.

In order to find out the throughput, you will need a hose with a length of 1 m and a diameter of 19 mm. It is required to fix in seconds how long a ten-liter bucket of water will be filled with this hose. After that, we calculate the distance directly from the crane itself to the remote sprinkler so that after 15 meters we add 2 more seconds to the total time.

All the values obtained should be added together and compared with the table attached to the irrigation systems. This way you can determine the allowable number of sprinklers.

Equipment selection

It is necessary to find and choose the right equipment, as a rule, the size of the equipment varies from the size of the site itself.

plastic pipes;
connectors;
sprinklers;
drip hoses;
automatic valves;
pump;
water tank;
rain or soil moisture sensors;
programmable controller.

Installation of the system

To get started, you should prepare channels for irrigation trenches. In accordance with the scheme, we dig trenches, dig irrigation channels, put pipes, putting plugs on them so that the earth does not end up in them. We also manufacture the irrigation comb of the box for valves, we put a controller in the house.

The wires also need to be stretched outside and laid in a trench under the pipe, while leaving sufficient loops in order to reduce the possibility of critical voltage, we connect the wires to the comb by means of moisture-proof connectors.

Next, you need to install sprinklers according to a previously defined scheme, perform the design of drip irrigation of the garden. In order to do this, we embed droppers to the main branch of irrigation or we supply irrigation for each individual bush with the assistance of other tubes and sprayers. We are burying trenches.

Next, in the controller settings, we calculate, if necessary, the frequency of watering flowers, vegetables and fruits and the size of water for them. Depending on the type of plant being watered, the water consumption will be different: for flowers and some types of vegetables, it will be up to 2 liters per hour, shrubs and trees will need a larger volume of water – up to 8 liters per hour. It is also important to take into account the type of soil, less water will be required for clay soils.

Having done the automatic watering yourself, you will be able to relax every evening or even leave the suburban area, and in the fall you will receive a rich harvest, as well as an abundance of colors of shrubs.

If the system seems difficult for you to perform, you can always ask for help from specialists, up to the point that the entire structure will be assembled and installed, but you will only need to periodically monitor its performance. You can evaluate the practicality and appearance by looking at the photo of watering on the site.

Make the garden a place of your rest, and not the need to leave all the energy and time in the struggle for a meager harvest due to drought or other weather troubles.